Nursing rights in comics: educational technological innovation report.

OBJECTIVES: to report an educational technology construction on nursing professionals' rights. METHODS: an experience report on educational technology construction during the crediting of university extension hours in an undergraduate nursing course at a Brazilian public university, between March and June 2023. The Deming cycle was used as a procedural method. RESULTS: four meetings were held between students and extension workers. Eight comic books were produced based on the Code of Ethics for Nurses, addressing professional autonomy, fair remuneration, risk-free work, denial of exposure in the media and others. The Deming cycle proved to be an important strategy for constructing products. CONCLUSIONS: nursing professionals' rights must be discussed and improved. Educational technologies, such as comic books, provide playful and reflective learning.

Non-violent communication as a technology in interpersonal relationships in health work: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Working in healthcare environments is highly stressful for most professionals and can trigger problems in interpersonal relationships that can result in horizontal violence. In order to prevent violence and improve the working environment, some strategies can be implemented to provide well-being for all those involved, whether directly or indirectly in health care, such as non-violent communication. The aim of this study was to map and synthesize the available scientific evidence on the use of Nonviolent Communication as a technology for a culture of peace in interpersonal relationships in healthcare. METHODS: This is a scoping review carried out in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE (Embase), PsycINFO - APA/ PsycNET (American Psychological Association) and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases between March and August 2023. The eligibility criteria used were studies that addressed the topic of NVC in the area of health, published in Portuguese, Spanish or English, with no time restrictions. RESULTS: 53 studies were found in the databases. Two additional studies were extracted from of primary research. In the first exclusion phase, 16 texts were removed due to being duplicated. 39 articles were potentially relevant, and full-texts were reviewed for eligibility along with the inclusion and exclusion criteria Thus, seven studies were included in this review, published in English (five) and Portuguese (two), two of which were carried out in Brazil, one in the United States of America, one in South Korea, one in France, one in Canada and one in Thailand. In terms of the type of study/publication, two studies were reflections, one was a review, one was a mixed study, one was an experience report and two were experimental. The studies were predominantly of high and moderate methodological quality (85.7%). The total number of participants in the studies was 185. The studies showed that NVC is a technology that has made it possible to improve interpersonal relationships between health professionals. Training programs or educational intervention projects on the subject are useful for familiarizing professionals with the subject and demonstrating situations in which the technique can be included. CONCLUSION: The global scientific literature indicates that Nonviolent Communication is a significant resource for improving interpersonal relationships in healthcare work. This approach can be adopted as a strategy by managers and decision-makers, both to resolve conflicts and to prevent aggressive situations between health professionals, especially when it comes to moral or psychological aspects.

Violência contra mulher parda e preta durante a pandemia: revisão de escopo / Violencia contra mujeres pardas y negras durante la pandemia: revisión de alcance / Violence against brown and black women during the pandemic: a scoping review

Resumo Objetivo Mapear e sumarizar as principais evidências disponíveis sobre a violência por parceiro íntimo contra a mulher parda e preta durante a pandemia COVID-19. Métodos Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE, PsycINFO - APA PsycNET e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos sobre violência interpessoal contra a mulher parda e preta após o decreto de pandemia COVID-19, perpetrada por parceiro íntimo, publicados a partir de 2020, nos idiomas português, espanhol ou inglês. Excluíram-se editoriais, cartas resposta, retratações e estudos voltados à violência autoprovocada. Foi realizada análise descritiva. Resultados Foram obtidos 26 estudos e após a seleção obteve-se a amostra de oito artigos, publicados entre 2020 e 2022. Os resultados evidenciaram estudos majoritariamente norte-americanos, contudo apontaram para a violência por parceiro íntimo contra a mulher parda e preta como um fenômeno global durante a pandemia. As vítimas apresentavam múltiplas condições de vulnerabilidade e encontraram várias barreiras de acesso aos serviços de saúde e segurança pública, incluindo o racismo. Medidas de prevenção e controle foram escassas e geraram consequências à saúde integral da mulher. Conclusão O fenômeno foi caracterizado como um agravo global durante a pandemia COVID-19. Estratégias de enfrentamento individuais, coletivas e políticas foram criadas pelas vítimas. Políticas públicas de prevenção e controle da violência por parceiro íntimo não foram adequadamente aplicadas em muitos países durante a pandemia.

Resumen Objetivo Mapear y resumir las principales evidencias disponibles sobre la violencia contra mujeres pardas y negras por parte de la pareja íntima durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Se trata de una revisión de alcance en las bases de datos National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE, PsycINFO - APA PsycNET y Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud. Los criterios de inclusión fueron estudios sobre violencia interpersonal contra mujeres pardas y negras después del decreto de pandemia de COVID-19, ejercida por su pareja íntima, publicados a partir de 2020, en idioma portugués, español o inglés. Se excluyeron editoriales, cartas de respuesta, retractaciones y estudios sobre violencia autoprovocada. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. Resultados Se obtuvieron 26 estudios y, después de la selección, se obtuvo una muestra de ocho artículos, publicados entre 2020 y 2022. Los resultados evidenciaron estudios mayormente norteamericanos, pero señalaron que la violencia contra mujeres pardas y negras por parte de su pareja íntima fue un fenómeno global durante la pandemia. Las víctimas presentaron múltiples condiciones de vulnerabilidad y encontraron varias barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud y seguridad pública, inclusive racismo. Las medidas de prevención y control fueron escasas y generaron consecuencias en la salud integral de las mujeres. Conclusión El fenómeno fue caracterizado como un agravio global durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Las estrategias de enfrentamiento individuales, colectivas y políticas fueron creadas por las víctimas. Las políticas públicas de prevención y control de la violencia por parte de pareja íntima no fueron aplicadas adecuadamente en muchos países durante la pandemia. Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/bdsf7/

Abstract Objective To map and summarize the main available evidence on intimate partner violence against brown and black women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This is a scoping review carried out in the National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE, PsycINFO - APA PsycNET and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences databases. Studies on interpersonal violence against brown and black women after the COVID-19 pandemic decree, perpetrated by an intimate partner, published from 2020 onwards in Portuguese, Spanish or English, were included. Editorials, response letters, retractions and studies focused on self-inflicted violence were excluded. Descriptive analysis was carried out. Results A total of 26 studies were obtained, and after selection, a sample of eight articles was obtained, published between 2020 and 2022. The results showed mostly North American studies, however, they pointed to intimate partner violence against brown and black women as a global phenomenon during the pandemic. The victims presented multiple conditions of vulnerability and encountered several barriers to accessing health and public safety services, including racism. Prevention and control measures were scarce and had consequences for women's overall health. Conclusion The phenomenon was characterized as a global problem during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual, collective and political coping strategies were created by the victims. Public policies to prevent and control intimate partner violence were not adequately implemented in many countries during the pandemic. Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/bdsf7/

Nursing rights in comics: educational technological innovation report / Los derechos de enfermería en el cómic: informe de innovación tecnológica educativa / Direitos da enfermagem em quadrinhos: relato de inovação tecnológica educacional

ABSTRACT Objectives: to report an educational technology construction on nursing professionals' rights. Methods: an experience report on educational technology construction during the crediting of university extension hours in an undergraduate nursing course at a Brazilian public university, between March and June 2023. The Deming cycle was used as a procedural method. Results: four meetings were held between students and extension workers. Eight comic books were produced based on the Code of Ethics for Nurses, addressing professional autonomy, fair remuneration, risk-free work, denial of exposure in the media and others. The Deming cycle proved to be an important strategy for constructing products. Conclusions: nursing professionals' rights must be discussed and improved. Educational technologies, such as comic books, provide playful and reflective learning.

RESUMEN Objetivos: informar la construcción de una tecnología educativa sobre los derechos de los profesionales de enfermería. Métodos: relato de experiencia sobre la construcción de tecnología educativa durante la acreditación de horas de extensión universitaria en una carrera de pregrado en enfermería en una universidad pública brasileña, entre marzo y junio de 2023. Se utilizó el ciclo de Deming como método procesal. Resultados: se realizaron cuatro reuniones entre estudiantes y extensionistas. Se produjeron ocho historietas basadas en el Código de Ética para los Profesionales de Enfermería, abordando la autonomía profesional, la remuneración justa, el trabajo libre de riesgos, la negación de la exposición en los medios de comunicación y otros. El ciclo de Deming demostró ser una estrategia importante para la construcción de productos. Conclusiones: los derechos de los profesionales de enfermería deben ser discutidos y mejorados. Las tecnologías educativas, como los cómics, proporcionan un aprendizaje lúdico y reflexivo.

RESUMO Objetivos: relatar a construção de uma tecnologia educacional sobre os direitos dos profissionais de enfermagem. Métodos: relato de experiência sobre a construção de tecnologia educacional durante a creditação de horas de extensão universitária em uma disciplina da graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública brasileira, entre março e junho de 2023. Utilizou-se o ciclo de Deming como método processual. Resultados: foram realizados quatro encontros entre estudantes e extensionistas. Oito histórias em quadrinhos foram produzidas pautadas no Código de Ética dos Profissionais de Enfermagem abordando autonomia profissional, remuneração justa, trabalho sem riscos, negação à exposição em mídias e outros. O ciclo de Deming mostrou-se importante estratégia para construção dos produtos. Conclusões: os direitos dos profissionais de enfermagem devem ser discutidos e aprimorados. Tecnologias educacionais, como histórias em quadrinhos, proporcionam aprendizagem lúdica e reflexiva.

Profile and characteristics of violence against older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic / Perfil e características da violência contra a pessoa idosa durante a pandemia COVID-19 / Perfil y características de la violencia contra los adultos mayores durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Abstract Objective: to identify the sociodemographic profile and the characteristics of interpersonal violence against older adults during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in a capital city from the Brazilian Southeast region. Method: a descriptive and exploratory research study with a cross-sectional design based on the notifications of suspected or confirmed cases of violence against older adults between March 2020 and March 2021. A univariate statistical analysis and Fisher's exact test (p<0.05) were performed. Results: a total of 2,681 notifications were recorded during the period. The main victims were individuals aged between 60 and 64 years old, female, white-skinned and with low schooling levels. The instances of violence were more frequent in the victims' homes. Physical and psychological violence predominated, through physical force/beatings and threats, respectively. Most of the aggressors were male, younger than the victims and generally their children or intimate partners. The aggressions were perpetrated more than once and were driven by generational conflicts. There was low referral to entities for the protection of older adults. Conclusion: the sociodemographic profile found evidences vulnerable victims, subjected to many types of violence, and at a potential risk against their overall health.

Resumo Objetivo: identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e as características da violência interpessoal contra a pessoa idosa no primeiro ano da pandemia COVID-19 em uma capital da região sudeste do Brasil. Método: pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, com delineamento transversal a partir da análise das notificações de casos suspeitos ou confirmados de violência contra a pessoa idosa, ocorridas entre março de 2020 e março de 2021. Foi realizada a análise estatística univariada e teste exato de Fisher (p<0,05). Resultados: houve 2681 notificações no período. As principais vítimas foram pessoas com idade entre 60 e 64 anos, do sexo feminino, brancas e com baixa escolaridade. As ocorrências tiveram maior frequência nos domicílios. As violências físicas e psicológicas foram as mais comuns, com uso de força física/espancamento e ameaça, respectivamente. O agressor era, em sua maioria, do sexo masculino, mais jovem do que a vítima, geralmente filho ou parceiro íntimo. As agressões ocorreram mais de uma vez e foram motivadas por conflitos geracionais. Houve baixo encaminhamento para órgãos de proteção a pessoa idosa. Conclusão: o perfil sociodemográfico encontrado evidencia vítimas vulneráveis, sujeitas a muitas formas de violência e com potenciais riscos à integralidade de sua saúde.

Resumen Objetivo: identificar el perfil sociodemográfico y las características de la violencia interpersonal contra los adultos mayores en el primer año de la pandemia de COVID-19 en una ciudad capital de la región sureste de Brasil. Método: investigación descriptiva, exploratoria con diseño transversal a partir del análisis de las notificaciones de casos sospechosos o confirmados de violencia contra el adulto mayor, ocurridos entre marzo de 2020 y marzo de 2021. Se realizó un análisis estadístico univariado y la prueba exacta de Fisher (p< 0,05). Resultados: hubo 2681 notificaciones en el período. Las principales víctimas fueron personas entre 60 y 64 años, de sexo femenino, blancas y con baja escolaridad. La mayoría de los casos se registró en el hogar. La violencia física y psicológica fueron las más comunes, con uso de fuerza física/golpes y amenaza, respectivamente. El agresor era generalmente del sexo masculino, más joven que la víctima, hijo o pareja. Las agresiones se produjeron más de una vez y fueron motivadas por conflictos generacionales. Hubo baja derivación a organismos de protección de adultos mayores. Conclusión: el perfil sociodemográfico obtenido revela que son víctimas vulnerables, sujetas a múltiples formas de violencia y que la integridad de su salud está en riesgo potencial.

Telephone messages regarding preventive measures against COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evidence of content validity of telephone messages regarding preventive measures against COVID-19. METHOD: Methodological study, in which messages containing text and image were developed through a narrative literature review and whose content was evaluated by eight judges in terms of clarity, practical relevance, theoretical relevance and vocabulary. The content validity index (CVI) was calculated, and messages that reached levels above 90% were considered to have adequate evidence of validity. RESULTS: Eighteen text messages/images were developed containing information about COVID-19, hand hygiene, use and handling of masks and the importance of social distancing. After second round of evaluation, a content validity index above 90% was obtained in all evaluated indicators. CONCLUSION: The telephone messages were developed and showedadequate evidence of content validity.

Construction of educational technology on non-violent communication between health professionals: an experience report.

OBJECTIVE: to report the construction of an educational technology to promote non-violent communication for health professionals. METHODS: an experience report on the development of an educational technology on non-violent communication for health professionals, prepared by members of a social university extension project. The Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle was used as a process or product management procedure. RESULTS: two complete management method cycles were performed. A mini almanac was generated as a final product, which addressed the main elements of non-violent communication, an example of its use in everyday life, hobbies and interspersed activities. CONCLUSION: educational technology construction (mini almanac) by members of a university extension project was facilitated using the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle, proving to be a resource for disseminating non-violent communication in health work and promoting a culture of peace.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome by influenza and factors associated with death in older adults: a population study.

INTRODUCTION: Influenza is characterized by an acute viral infection, which can lead to severe conditions and death, especially in vulnerable populations, such as older adults. Therefore, we sought to analyze cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) due to influenza in older adults registered in Brazil and investigate the factors related to death due to this disease. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study that used secondary data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (IESIS-Influenza). Older adults aged 60 years and above with laboratory diagnosis of influenza were included. RESULTS: A total of 3,547 older adults with SARS due to influenza were included, out of which 1,185 cases with death as the outcome were identified. Among older adults with death as the outcome, 87.4% were not vaccinated against influenza. The main risk factors for death were invasive ventilatory support use, intensive care unit admission, brown skin color and dyspnea (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study described the profile of older adults with SARS due to influenza in Brazil. Factors associated with death in this population were identified. Moreover, the need to encourage compliance with vaccination among older adults is evident in order to prevent severe cases and unfavorable outcomes related to influenza.

Profile and characteristics of violence against older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the sociodemographic profile and the characteristics of interpersonal violence against older adults during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in a capital city from the Brazilian Southeast region. METHOD: a descriptive and exploratory research study with a cross-sectional design based on the notifications of suspected or confirmed cases of violence against older adults between March 2020 and March 2021. A univariate statistical analysis and Fisher's exact test (p<0.05) were performed. RESULTS: a total of 2,681 notifications were recorded during the period. The main victims were individuals aged between 60 and 64 years old, female, white-skinned and with low schooling levels. The instances of violence were more frequent in the victims' homes. Physical and psychological violence predominated, through physical force/beatings and threats, respectively. Most of the aggressors were male, younger than the victims and generally their children or intimate partners. The aggressions were perpetrated more than once and were driven by generational conflicts. There was low referral to entities for the protection of older adults. CONCLUSION: the sociodemographic profile found evidences vulnerable victims, subjected to many types of violence, and at a potential risk against their overall health.

Robust specific RBD responses and neutralizing antibodies after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and CoronaVac vaccination in SARS-CoV-2- seropositive individuals.

Background: The pandemic unleashed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 500 million people worldwide and caused more than 6 million deaths. Cellular and humoral immunity induced by infection or immunization are key factors in controlling the viral burden and avoiding the recurrence of coronavirus disease. The duration and effectiveness of immunity after infection is relevant to pandemic policy interventions, including the timing of vaccine boosters. Objectives: We sought to evaluate longitudinal binding and functional antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain in police officers and health care workers with a history of coronavirus disease 2019 and compare with SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals after vaccination with adenovirus-based ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca-Fiocruz) or the inactivated CoronaVac vaccine (Sinovac-Butantan Institute). Methods: A total of 208 participants were vaccinated. Of these, 126 (60.57%) received the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine and 82 (39.42%) received the CoronaVac vaccine. Prevaccination and postvaccination blood was collected, and the amount of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and the neutralizing ability of the antibodies to block the interaction between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and receptor-binding domain were determined. Results: Subjects with preexisting SARS-CoV-2 immunity and who received a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or CoronaVac have similar or superior antibody levels when compared with levels in seronegative individuals even after 2 doses of the vaccine. Neutralizing antibody titers of seropositive individuals were higher with a single dose of either ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or CoronaVac compared with those of seronegative individuals. After 2 doses, both groups reached a plateau response. Conclusions: Our data reinforce the importance of vaccine boosters to increase specific binding and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Violência contra trabalhadores de enfermagem na pandemia de COVID-19: revisão de escopo / Violence against nursing workers in the COVID-19 pandemic: scoping review

Resumo Objetivo Mapear e sintetizar as evidências científicas disponíveis sobre violência contra trabalhadores de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Revisão de escopo elaborada de acordo com as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs feita nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE, PsycINFO - APA PsycNET e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde. Foram incluídos estudos que abordaram o tema violência relacionada ao trabalho contra trabalhadores de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19, publicados nos idiomas português, espanhol, ou inglês, a partir de 2020, disponíveis na íntegra. Excluíram-se relatórios parciais de pesquisa, editoriais, cartas resposta e resumos de anais. Foi realizada análise descritiva. Resultados De um total de 56 publicações, nove estudos responderam aos critérios de seleção, sendo sete com qualidade metodológica elevada e dois moderada. O fenômeno ocorreu em diferentes países do mundo, sendo as vítimas usuais trabalhadores de enfermagem que atuavam na linha de frente, com menor tempo de formação, perpetrada por diferentes atores. Prejuízos psicossociais aos trabalhadores foram encontrados, além de riscos aos pacientes. Conclusão Trabalhadores de enfermagem tiveram elevada incidência de violência durante a pandemia. As consequências desta violência foram danosas à saúde, levando ao desejo de abandonar a profissão ou afetando a saúde física ou mental das vítimas. Como medidas de prevenção e controle foram sugeridas implementação de políticas públicas e estratégias administrativas para redução da violência contra essa população em condições de pandemias.

Resumen Objetivo Mapear y sintetizar las evidencias científicas disponibles sobre violencia contra trabajadores de enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Revisión de alcance elaborada de acuerdo con las recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Briggs realizada en las bases de datos National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE, PsycINFO - APA PsycNET y Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud. Se incluyeron estudios que abordaron el tema violencia relacionada con el trabajo contra trabajadores de enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19, publicados en idioma portugués, español o inglés, a partir de 2020, disponibles en su totalidad. Se excluyeron informes parciales de investigación, editoriales, cartas de respuesta y resúmenes de ponencias. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. Resultados De un total de 56 publicaciones, nueve estudios respondieron a los criterios de selección, de los cuales siete tenían calidad metodológica elevada y dos moderada. El fenómeno ocurrió en diferentes países del mundo, donde las víctimas habituales eran trabajadores de enfermería que actuaban en la línea de frente, con menor tiempo de graduación y perpetuada por diferentes actores. Se observaron daños psicosociales en los trabajadores, además de riesgos hacia los pacientes. Conclusión Los trabajadores de enfermería tuvieron una elevada incidencia de violencia durante la pandemia. Las consecuencias de esta violencia fueron perjudiciales para la salud, provocaron un deseo de dejar la profesión y afectaron la salud física o mental de las víctimas. Como medida de prevención y control, se sugirió la implementación de políticas públicas y estrategias administrativas para reducir la violencia contra esta población en condiciones de pandemias.

Abstract Objective To map and synthesize the available scientific evidence on violence against nursing workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Scoping review prepared in accordance with recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute, carried out in the following databases; National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Excerpa Medica DataBASE, PsycINFO - APA PsycNET and Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature. Studies addressing the theme of work-related violence against nursing workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, published in Portuguese, Spanish, or English, from 2020 and available in full were included. Partial research reports, editorials, response letters and abstracts of annals were excluded. Descriptive analysis was performed. Results Nine out of a total of 56 publications met the selection criteria, seven with high methodological quality and two with moderate quality. The phenomenon occurred in different countries around the world, the usual victims were nursing workers working on the front line, with less training time, and it was perpetrated by different actors. Psychosocial damage to workers and risks to patients were found. Conclusion Nursing workers suffered a high incidence of violence during the pandemic. The consequences of this violence were harmful to health, leading to the desire to leave the profession or affecting the physical or mental health of victims. The implementation of public policies and administrative strategies to reduce violence against this population in pandemic conditions were suggested as prevention and control measures.

Telephone messages regarding preventive measures against COVID-19 / Mensajes telefónicos frente a las medidas preventivas contra el COVID-19 / Mensagens telefônicas frente às medidas preventivas contra COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the evidence of content validity of telephone messages regarding preventive measures against COVID-19. Method: Methodological study, in which messages containing text and image were developed through a narrative literature review and whose content was evaluated by eight judges in terms of clarity, practical relevance, theoretical relevance and vocabulary. The content validity index (CVI) was calculated, and messages that reached levels above 90% were considered to have adequate evidence of validity. Results: Eighteen text messages/images were developed containing information about COVID-19, hand hygiene, use and handling of masks and the importance of social distancing. After second round of evaluation, a content validity index above 90% was obtained in all evaluated indicators. Conclusion: The telephone messages were developed and showedadequate evidence of content validity.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las evidencias de validez de contenido de los mensajes telefónicos frente a las medidas preventivas frente al COVID-19. Método: Estudio metodológico, en el cual se desarrollaron mensajes que contiene en texto e imagen a través de una revisión de literatura narrativa y cuyo contenido fue evaluado por ocho jueces en términos de claridad, relevancia práctica, relevancia teórica y vocabulario. Se calculó el índice de validez de contenido (IVC), y se consideró que los mensajes que alcanzaban niveles superiores al 90% tenían evidencia adecuada de validez. Resultados: Se desarrollaron 18 mensajes de texto/imágenes con información sobre COVID-19, higiene de manos, uso y manejo de mascarillas y la importancia del distanciamiento social. Luego de la segunda ronda de evaluación, se obtuvo un índice de validez de contenido superior al 90% en todos los indicadores evaluados. Conclusión: Los mensajes telefónicos fueron desarrollados y presentaron evidencia adecuada de validez de contenido.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as evidências de validade de conteúdo de mensagens telefônicas frente as medidas preventivas contra a COVID-19. Método: Estudo metodológico, em que as mensagens contendo texto e imagem foram desenvolvidas por meio de uma revisão narrativa de literatura e que tiveram seu conteúdo avaliado por oito juízes em relação a clareza, pertinência prática, relevância teórica e vocabulário. Calculou-se o índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC), e considerou-se com adequadas evidências de validade, as mensagens que alcançaram índices acima de 90%. Resultados: Foram desenvolvidas 18 mensagens de texto/imagens contendo informações sobre a COVID-19, higienização das mãos, uso e manuseio das máscaras e a importância do distanciamento social. Após a segunda rodada de avaliação obteve-se um índice de validade de conteúdo acima de 90% em todos os indicadores avaliados. Conclusão: As mensagens telefônicas foram desenvolvidas e apresentaram adequadas evidências de validade de conteúdo.

Construction of educational technology on non-violent communication between health professionals: an experience report / Construcción de tecnología educativa sobre comunicación no violenta entre profesionales de la salud: relato de experiencia / Construção de tecnologia educacional sobre comunicação não violenta entre profissionais de saúde: relato de experiência

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the construction of an educational technology to promote non-violent communication for health professionals. Methods: an experience report on the development of an educational technology on non-violent communication for health professionals, prepared by members of a social university extension project. The Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle was used as a process or product management procedure. Results: two complete management method cycles were performed. A mini almanac was generated as a final product, which addressed the main elements of non-violent communication, an example of its use in everyday life, hobbies and interspersed activities. Conclusion: educational technology construction (mini almanac) by members of a university extension project was facilitated using the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle, proving to be a resource for disseminating non-violent communication in health work and promoting a culture of peace.

RESUMEN Objetivo: relatar la construcción de una tecnología educativa para promover la comunicación no violenta para los profesionales de la salud. Métodos: relato de experiencia sobre el desarrollo de una tecnología educativa de comunicación no violenta para profesionales de la salud, elaborado por integrantes de un proyecto de extensión universitaria social. Se utilizó el ciclo Plan-Do-Study-Act como procedimiento de gestión de procesos o productos. Resultados: se realizaron dos ciclos completos del método de manejo. Se generó como producto final un mini almanaque, que abordó los principales elementos de la comunicación no violenta, ejemplo de su uso en la vida cotidiana, aficiones y actividades intercaladas. Conclusión: se facilitó la construcción de tecnología educativa (mini almanaque) por integrantes de un proyecto de extensión universitaria utilizando el ciclo Plan-Do-Study-Act, demostrando ser un recurso para la difusión de la comunicación no violenta en salud y promoción del trabajo de la cultura de paz.

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar a construção de uma tecnologia educacional de promoção da comunicação não violenta para profissionais de saúde. Métodos: relato de experiência sobre o desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia educacional de comunicação não violenta para profissionais de saúde, elaborada por membros de um projeto social de extensão universitária. Foi utilizado o ciclo Plan-Do-Study-Act como procedimento de gestão de processo ou produto. Resultados: foram executados dois ciclos completos do método de gestão. Foi gerado como produto final um mini almanaque, que abordou os elementos principais da comunicação não violenta, exemplo de seu uso no cotidiano, passatempos e atividades intercaladas. Conclusão: a construção da tecnologia educacional (mini almanaque) por membros de um projeto de extensão universitária foi facilitada com uso do ciclo Plan-Do-Study-Act, mostrando-se um recurso de difusão da comunicação não violenta no trabalho em saúde e promoção da cultura de paz.

Percepção de pessoas em situação de rua sobre o tratamento da tuberculose / Perception of homeless people about the treatment of tuberculosis

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção de pessoas em situação de rua em relação ao tratamento da tuberculose. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, com base na história oral temática. Foram entrevistadas 24 pessoas em situação de rua no município de São Paulo, em tratamento da tuberculose e vinculados a duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde, no período de junho a julho de 2018. Resultados: Emergiram três categorias: A situação de rua como desafio para o enfrentamento da tuberculose; o impacto do tratamento na vida dos usuários; as potencialidades e os limites dos serviços de saúde no apoio ao tratamento. Os participantes destacaram que o fato de viver em situação de rua impacta no tratamento da tuberculose, pois as medidas de isolamento e monitoramento são menos efetivas. Em contrapartida, a possibilidade de cura e a relação estabelecida com os profissionais de saúde foram fundamentais para a adesão ao tratamento. Considerações finais: A tuberculose na população de rua deve ser compreendida na perspectiva da determinação social do processo saúde-adoecimento. Por outra parte, desafios inerentes aos esquemas terapêuticos, condições de vida na rua, vulnerabilidades individuais, coletivas e programáticas dos serviços e políticas públicas que precisam ser considerados na construção das estratégias de cuidado. (AU)

Objective: To understand homeless people's perception in relation to the treatment of tuberculosis. Methods: A qualitative study based on thematic oral history. Twenty-four homeless individuals from the city of São Paulo undergoing treatment for tuberculosis and linked to two Basic Health Units were interviewed from June to July 2018. Results: Three catego-ries emerged: Homelessness as a challenge to coping with tuberculosis; The impact of treatment on users' lives; and The potential and limits of health services in supporting the tuberculosis treatment. The participants highlighted that the fact of living on the streets exerts impacts on their treatment, as isolation and monitoring measures are less effective. On the other hand, the possibility of cure and the relationship established with health professionals were fundamental for adherence to the treatment. Final considerations: Tuberculosis in the street population must be understood from the perspective of the social determination of the health-disease process. Added to the challenges inherent to the treat-ment of tuberculosis, life conditions on the street, as well as individual, collective and programmatic vulnerabilities of the services and public policies need to be considered in the care strategies. (AU)

Factors associated with death due to severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by influenza: Brazilian population study.

INTRODUCTION: Influenza infection is characterized by acute viral infection of high transmissibility. Worsening of the case can lead to the need for hospitalization, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and even death. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional population-based study that used secondary database from the Brazilian Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Only cases of adults with diagnosis of influenza by RT-PCR and case evolution recorded were included. RESULTS: We identified 2273 adults with SARS by influenza, 343 of which had death as an outcome. The main risk factors for death were lack of hospitalization, not having cough and age, both with p < 0.001. In addition, without asthma, having black skin color, not receiving flu vaccine, having brown skin color and not having a sore throat (p ≤ 0.005) were risk factors too. CONCLUSION: Factors associated with death due to SARS caused by influenza in Brazil, risk factors and protective factors to death were identified. It was evident that those who did not receive the flu vaccine presented twice the risk of unfavorable outcome, reinforcing the need to stimulate adherence to vaccination adhering and propose changes in public policies to make influenza vaccines available to the entire population, in order to prevent severe cases and unfavorable outcomes.

Self-inflicted violence and suicide in people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze intellectual productions on self-inflicted violence and suicide in people living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: a systematic review, carried out between March and April 2021, in the PubMed®/MEDLINE®, Web of Science and LILACS databases, subsidized in the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. The period outlined was from 2011 to 2020. RESULTS: a total of 199 studies were identified, and 16 composed the final sample, grouped into the categories: Sociodemographic characteristics of victims of self-inflicted violence/suicide and their intervening factors (pointing to young adults, especially homosexuals, with low social support and a history of mental illness or substance abuse as usual victims); Successful measures for suicide prevention/control in people living with HIV/AIDS (suggesting more frequent psychosocial and clinical follow-up of those starting antiretroviral and immunocompromised treatment). CONCLUSIONS: biopsychosocial follow-up, analysis of sociodemographic profile and intervening factors should be frequent in this population for disease prevention/control.

Knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions in a hemodialysis unit: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Standard precautions (SPs) are recommended safety measures for healthcare professionals to follow, with a view to preventing healthcare-related infections (HCRIs) and for their own protection. Inadequate adherence to these measures can lead to occurrences of occupational accidents and HCRIs. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the knowledge of and adherence to SP measures among the nursing staff of a hemodialysis service and the relationship of these variables to occurrences of work accidents with biological material. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive cross-sectional and correlational study with a quantitative approach developed in a hemodialysis clinic in Minas Gerais. METHODS: Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and questionnaires on knowledge of and adherence to SPs. RESULTS: 29 professionals participated in the study. It is noteworthy that all of them had already participated in training related to SPs. However, no relationship was identified between knowledge of (15.17 points) and adherence to (71.86 points) SPs. In addition, inferential analysis showed that there was a relationship between suffering a work accident with biological material and the sociodemographic data and knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the SPs that had been established did not mean mastery of the subject. Despite positive results regarding adherence, factors requiring improvement were observed. It was possible to infer the characteristics that gave rise to greater risk of occurrences of accidents at work. Thus, this study showed the importance of assessing knowledge of and adherence to SP, in order to optimize and direct continuing education towards resolving occupational exposure.

Knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions in a hemodialysis unit: a cross-sectional study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Standard precautions (SPs) are recommended safety measures for healthcare professionals to follow, with a view to preventing healthcare-related infections (HCRIs) and for their own protection. Inadequate adherence to these measures can lead to occurrences of occupational accidents and HCRIs. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the knowledge of and adherence to SP measures among the nursing staff of a hemodialysis service and the relationship of these variables to occurrences of work accidents with biological material. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive cross-sectional and correlational study with a quantitative approach developed in a hemodialysis clinic in Minas Gerais. METHODS: Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and questionnaires on knowledge of and adherence to SPs. RESULTS: 29 professionals participated in the study. It is noteworthy that all of them had already participated in training related to SPs. However, no relationship was identified between knowledge of (15.17 points) and adherence to (71.86 points) SPs. In addition, inferential analysis showed that there was a relationship between suffering a work accident with biological material and the sociodemographic data and knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the SPs that had been established did not mean mastery of the subject. Despite positive results regarding adherence, factors requiring improvement were observed. It was possible to infer the characteristics that gave rise to greater risk of occurrences of accidents at work. Thus, this study showed the importance of assessing knowledge of and adherence to SP, in order to optimize and direct continuing education towards resolving occupational exposure.